Similarly, too, those things are called generically the same which
fall under the same genus, such as a horse and a man. It might
appear that the sense in which water from the same spring is called
'the same water' is somehow different and unlike the senses
mentioned above: but really such a case as this ought to be ranked
in the same class with the things that in one way or another are
called 'the same' in view of unity of species. For all such things
seem to be of one family and to resemble one another. For the reaon
why all water is said to be specifically the same as all other water
is because of a certain likeness it bears to it, and the only
difference in the case of water drawn from the same spring is this,
that the likeness is more emphatic: that is why we do not
distinguish it from the things that in one way or another are called
'the same' in view of unity of species. It is generally supposed
that the term 'the same' is most used in a sense agreed on by every
one when applied to what is numerically one. But even so, it is apt to
be rendered in more than one sense; its most literal and primary use
is found whenever the sameness is rendered in reference to an
alternative name or definition, as when a cloak is said to be the same
as a doublet, or an animal that walks on two feet is said to be the
same as a man: a second sense is when it is rendered in reference to a
property, as when what can acquire knowledge is called the same as a
man, and what naturally travels upward the same as fire: while a third
use is found when it is rendered in reference to some term drawn
from Accident, as when the creature who is sitting, or who is musical,
is called the same as Socrates.
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