g.
the argument that supposing the skilled pilot is the most effective,
and likewise the skilled charioteer, then in general the skilled man
is the best at his particular task. Induction is the more convincing
and clear: it is more readily learnt by the use of the senses, and
is applicable generally to the mass of men, though reasoning is more
forcible and effective against contradictious people.
13
The classes, then, of things about which, and of things out of
which, arguments are constructed, are to be distinguished in the way
we have said before. The means whereby we are to become well
supplied with reasonings are four: (1) the securing of propositions;
(2) the power to distinguish in how many senses particular
expression is used; (3) the discovery of the differences of things;
(4) the investigation of likeness. The last three, as well, are in a
certain sense propositions: for it is possible to make a proposition
corresponding to each of them, e.g. (1) 'The desirable may mean either
the honourable or the pleasant or the expedient'; and (2) Sensation
differs from knowledge in that the latter may be recovered again after
it has been lost, while the former cannot'; and (3) The relation of
the healthy to health is like that of the vigorous to vigour'.
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