The
first proposition depends upon the use of one term in several
senses, the second upon the differences of things, the third upon
their likenesses.
14
Propositions should be selected in a number of ways corresponding to
the number of distinctions drawn in regard to the proposition: thus
one may first take in hand the opinions held by all or by most men
or by the philosophers, i.e. by all, or most, or the most notable of
them; or opinions contrary to those that seem to be generally held;
and, again, all opinions that are in accordance with the arts. We must
make propositions also of the contradictories of opinions contrary
to those that seem to be generally held, as was laid down before. It
is useful also to make them by selecting not only those opinions
that actually are accepted, but also those that are like these, e.g.
'The perception of contraries is the same'-the knowledge of them being
so-and 'we see by admission of something into ourselves, not by an
emission'; for so it is, too, in the case of the other senses; for
in hearing we admit something into ourselves; we do not emit; and we
taste in the same way.
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